Pixels per port

Each Ethernet output of an LED controller carries a fixed pixel budget — roughly 650,000 pixels at 60 Hz and 8-bit colour on a 1G port. Higher refresh rates, bit depths or frame rates reduce it; 5G ports and fibre raise it.

Dense cabinets consume the budget fast: a 0.9 mm cabinet with 640×360 = 230,400 pixels fits only twice on one 1G port. That is why fine-pitch walls need many more data chains than coarse-pitch walls of the same physical size.